Guided by YBmetal, ASTM A536 vs EN-GJS: gray/grey & ductile iron castings with simulation-led gating, machining, and traceable QA.
Excerpt: This guide maps ASTM A536 grades (e.g., 60-40-18, 65-45-12, 80-55-06) to EN-GJS grades in EN 1563 (e.g., EN-GJS-400-15, 450-10, 500-7) with side-by-side properties, microstructure notes, and buying cautions. Use the tables below in RFQs and drawings.
Table of contents
- Read this first: “equivalent” ≠ “identical”
- Quick cross-reference (A536 ↔ EN-GJS)
- Properties side-by-side (UTS/YS/Elong/Hardness)
- Microstructure & machining notes (ferrite/pearlite)
- Drawing & RFQ notes (copy-paste)
- FAQs
Read this first: “equivalent” ≠ “identical”
- Standards differ: sampling positions, test bar sizes, and proof/yield definitions can vary (Rp0.2 vs “yield” wording).
- Treat the table as an engineering cross-reference, not a legal substitution.
- On purchase docs, call out one standard only (ASTM or EN) + exact grade + any supplemental requirements (e.g., impact, hardness window).
Quick cross-reference（A536 ↔ EN-GJS）
Practical “closest match” pairs used in sourcing. Always verify exact requirements for your part.
| ASTM A536 grade | Common name | EN 1563 grade (EN-GJS) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 60-40-18 | High-ductility ferritic | EN-GJS-400-15 (or 400-18LT for low-temp) | EN min elongation slightly lower on 400-15; 400-18(LT) matches ductility better |
| 65-45-12 | Ferritic-pearlitic | EN-GJS-450-10 | Very common sourcing pair |
| 80-55-06 | Pearlitic | EN-GJS-500-7 | Strength & elongation align well |
| 100-70-03 | High strength | EN-GJS-600-3 | Similar UTS/elong.; check yield proof |
| 120-90-02 | Very high strength | EN-GJS-700-2 | High strength, low ductility tier |
There are additional EN grades (e.g., EN-GJS-350-22 ferritic high-elongation) and special variants (LT = low-temperature).
Properties side-by-side（indicative ranges）
Values below reflect minimums by grade family. Use the published standard for exact clauses.
Table A — Mechanical properties (room temp)
| Grade | UTS (MPa / ksi) | Yield / Rp0.2 (MPa / ksi) | Elongation (%) | Typical HBW |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A536 60-40-18 | ≥ 414 / 60 | ≥ 276 / 40 | ≥ 18 | 130–170 |
| EN-GJS-400-15 | ≥ 400 / 58 | ≥ 250 / 36 | ≥ 15 | 120–170 |
| A536 65-45-12 | ≥ 448 / 65 | ≥ 310 / 45 | ≥ 12 | 140–190 |
| EN-GJS-450-10 | ≥ 450 / 65 | ≥ 270 / 39 | ≥ 10 | 140–190 |
| A536 80-55-06 | ≥ 552 / 80 | ≥ 379 / 55 | ≥ 6 | 170–229 |
| EN-GJS-500-7 | ≥ 500 / 73 | ≥ 320 / 46 | ≥ 7 | 160–230 |
| A536 100-70-03 | ≥ 690 / 100 | ≥ 483 / 70 | ≥ 3 | 200–260 |
| EN-GJS-600-3 | ≥ 600 / 87 | ≥ 370 / 54 | ≥ 3 | 190–270 |
| A536 120-90-02 | ≥ 827 / 120 | ≥ 620 / 90 | ≥ 2 | 230–300 |
| EN-GJS-700-2 | ≥ 700 / 102 | ≥ 420 / 61 | ≥ 2 | 220–300 |
Tip: When moving EN → ASTM at the higher-strength end, confirm yield (ASTM levels are often higher). Add a hardness window to stabilize machining.
Microstructure & machining notes
Table B — Typical matrices & what it means for you
| Grade tier | Matrix tendency (as-cast) | What it means |
|---|---|---|
| 400/60-40-18 family | Ferritic (high nodularity) | High ductility, easy machining, lower HBW |
| 450–500 / 65-45-12 to 80-55-06 | Ferritic-pearlitic → pearlitic | Balanced strength, good wear, moderate tool wear |
| 600–700 / 100-70-03 to 120-90-02 | Mostly pearlitic | Higher strength/hardness; plan feeds/inserts for pearlite |
Machining cheatsheet（turning, carbide）
- Ferritic DI (HB 130–170): 120–180 m/min (400–600 sfm), 0.10–0.25 mm/rev (0.004–0.010 ipr).
- Pearlitic DI (HB 180–260): 75–150 m/min (250–500 sfm), 0.08–0.20 mm/rev (0.003–0.008 ipr).
- Keep dry/MQL for most ops; flood for finishing bores/seal faces.
Drawing & RFQ notes
Table C — Copy-paste specification snippets
| Topic | Note text |
|---|---|
| Material callout | Ductile iron ASTM A536 80-55-06 (or EN-GJS-500-7), as-cast hardness HBW 170–220, microstructure per standard. |
| Cross-ref note | If sourcing to alternate standard, supplier to propose equivalent grade (see A536↔EN-GJS table) with property match; customer approval required. |
| Heat treatment | No HT unless noted. If stress relief/normalizing used, provide furnace charts; sequence: rough → HT → finish. |
| Capability | ISO 8062-3 target CT grade per process; machined faces Ra 3.2–6.3 μm (125–250 μin). |
| Quality pack | *Submit material certs (chem, HBW, tensile), CMM to datums A |
FAQs
CTA — specify with proof, not guesses
YBmetal supplies ductile iron in both ASTM A536 and EN-GJS (EN 1563) grades with simulation-led casting, machining, and traceable QA.